How the most common blood pressure medicines work, their typical side effects – from the ACE inhibitor cough to ankle swelling – and tips for taking them.
Why treating high blood pressure matters
High blood pressure (hypertension) usually has no symptoms, but over time it raises the risk of heart attack, stroke and kidney disease. Many people need more than one medicine to reach their target.
Common medicines compared
| Medicine | Type | How it works | Common side effects |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lisinopril (Zestril, Prinivil) | ACE inhibitor | Relaxes blood vessels | Dry cough, dizziness |
| Losartan (Cozaar) | ARB | Relaxes blood vessels; an option if lisinopril causes a cough | Dizziness, high potassium |
| Amlodipine (Norvasc) | Calcium channel blocker | Widens blood vessels; also prevents angina | Ankle swelling, flushing |
| Furosemide (Lasix) | Loop diuretic ("water pill") | Removes extra fluid | Frequent urination, low potassium |
Lisinopril and losartan must not be taken in pregnancy because they can harm an unborn baby. Both can raise potassium levels, so your doctor may check your blood.
Tips for taking blood pressure medicine
- Take it at the same time every day, and keep taking it even when you feel well.
- Stand up slowly if you feel dizzy, especially when you first start.
- Check your blood pressure at home if your doctor recommends it, and bring the readings to appointments.
- Don't stop suddenly – talk to your prescriber first.
- Get emergency help for swelling of the face, lips or throat, chest pain or sudden weakness.
We sell FDA-approved lisinopril, losartan, amlodipine and furosemide, dispensed after our pharmacist verifies your prescription.